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Glutathione peroxidase 2

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(Redirected from GPX2 (gene))
GPX2
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesGPX2, GI-GPx, GPRP, GPRP-2, GPx-2, GPx-GI, GSHPX-GI, GSHPx-2, glutathione peroxidase 2
External IDsOMIM: 138319; MGI: 106609; HomoloGene: 20479; GeneCards: GPX2; OMA:GPX2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_002083

NM_030677

RefSeq (protein)

NP_002074

NP_109602

Location (UCSC)Chr 14: 64.94 – 64.94 MbChr 12: 76.84 – 76.84 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Glutathione peroxidase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX2 gene.[5][6][7]

This gene is a member of the glutathione peroxidase family encoding a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase that is one of two isoenzymes responsible for the majority of the glutathione-dependent hydrogen peroxide-reducing activity in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Studies in knockout mice indicate that mRNA expression levels respond to luminal microflora, suggesting a role of the ileal glutathione peroxidases in preventing inflammation in the GI tract.[7]

The antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2) is one out of eight known glutathione peroxidases (Gpx1-8) in humans. Mammalian Gpx1, GPx2 (this protein), Gpx3, and Gpx4 have been shown to be selenium-containing enzymes, whereas Gpx6 is a selenoprotein in humans with cysteine-containing homologues in rodents. In selenoproteins, the 21st amino acid selenocysteine is inserted in the nascent polypeptide chain during the process of translational recoding of the UGA stop codon.

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000176153Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000042808Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Chu FF, Doroshow JH, Esworthy RS (Mar 1993). "Expression, characterization, and tissue distribution of a new cellular selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase, GSHPx-GI". J Biol Chem. 268 (4): 2571–6. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53812-6. PMID 8428933.
  6. ^ Chu FF (Feb 1994). "The human glutathione peroxidase genes GPX2, GPX3, and GPX4 map to chromosomes 14, 5, and 19, respectively". Cytogenet Cell Genet. 66 (2): 96–8. doi:10.1159/000133675. PMID 8287691.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GPX2 glutathione peroxidase 2 (gastrointestinal)".

Further reading

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